A little research reveals the following:
Both resident and non-resident individuals who receive income from NL are liable for Income Tax. Residents are taxed on their entire income (regardless of origin), non-residents only the income directly connected with NL territory.
Income Tax takes into account the source of income and distinguishes three categories (or 'boxes') taxed at different rates.
Liability is reduced by personal tax deductions.
Box 1 - taxable income from work and dwellings
Box 2 - taxable income from substantial interest
(either alone or with partner holds, directly or indirectly, at least 5% of a company's shares)
Box 3 - taxable income from savings and investments
Personal tax deductions comprise costs that affect the 'financial capacity' of the taxpayer. e.g child/partner maintenance payments, study expenses, exceptionals (e.g. on account of illness).
Deductions apply first to 'Box 1', any balance not offset to 'Box 3', then 'Box 2'. Any unused allowance can be rolled forward to subsequent tax years.
Box 1 rates: (as at 2005)
34.4% on first 16,894 EUR
(comprises 1.8% tax, 32.6% social security)
41.95% on the next 13,464 EUR
(comprises 9.35% tax, 32.6% social security)
42% on the next 21,405 EUR (solely tax)
52% on the excess (solely tax)
Taxpayers aged 65 or older are taxed at 16.5% in the first bracket and 24.05% in the second (no longer required to pay pension ('AOW') contributions.
'Social Security' comprises old-age pension (AOW), surviving relatives benefit (Anw), exceptional medical expenses (AWBZ) and child benefit (AWR). Child benefit takes no contribution.
Tax due from resident taxpayers is reduced by the amount of the 'levy rebate' The 'general' rebate applies to -all- resident taxpayers and comprises a tax element and a social security element. In addition, there exists all kinds of supplementary rebates that account for the amount of income earned and taxpayer personal circumstance. Rebates for the employed, parents, single parents and the elderly with a small income contribute towards an equitable distribution of the tax burden.
The tax levied on savings and investments (Box 3 income) is based on the assumption of a 4% annual yield on net assets, -irrespective- of the actual yield (interest, dividend, capital gains). Net assets (fair market value after deduction of fair market value of debts) are valued at the average for the calendar year and are noted on two reference dates, 1 January and 31 December.
Owner-occupied dwellings are covered by Box 1.
Interest on owner-occupied mortgage debt is deductable (UK people may remember a thing called MIRAS here in the UK).
Second-homes or a let property are covered by Box 3.
The first 2,700 EUR of other debts may -not- be deducted from Box 3.
Box 3 may -not- be negative. But taxpayers are entitled to a tax-free threshold of 19,522 EUR as tax-exempt capital. This threshold is raised by 2,607 EUR for each child under 18 of whom the taxpayer has custody on 31 December.
Depending on their income and wealth, taxpayers aged 65 and over are entitled to an additional allowance, upto a maximum 25,842 EUR.
Although payroll operates similar to PAYE in the UK (witholding) tax returns need to be filed with the authorities by April 1 (April Fool.? I kid you not!). Employers supply the necessary paperwork to enable this.
NL has double-taxation treaties in place with the EEA and others.
Other Taxes That May Affect You
Dividend Witholding Tax
25% (so shareholders receive 75% of the divi)
May be offset against income tax payable.
Exemptions exist, too complicated to go into here.
Inheritance Tax, Gift Tax and Transfer Tax [real estate]
Tax on 'games of chance' (prizes more than 454 EUR)
VAT - 'BTW' (consumption tax):-
19% (standard rate)
6% (reduced rate - food, medicines, books, magazines, passenger transport, entertainment entrance fees, e.g. zoos and theatres, water)
0% (zero rate - goods leave NL free of VAT)
Excise Duty (alcohol, tobacco, mineral oils [fuels])
e.g. 0.67 eurocents / litre petrol
Insurance Tax - 7% of premium
Vehicle Registration Tax ('BPM')
- cars/bikes over 25 years old exempt
- reductions based on age of used vehicles
- max reduction 90%
Motor Vehicle Tax
Tax on Tap Water
- collected by water company on behalf of authorities
- 0.146 eurocents / m^3
Energy Tax (consumption of fuels e.g. gas)
- cents/m^3
The 'Ministry of Finance' in NL would be a source of further info.
www.minfin.nl/en
With respect to owner-occupied properties, I seem to recall reading that your Box 1 taxable income is raised by an amount equal to the 'fair market rent', and -tenants- do not pay property taxes, but I cannot find the link/document, so this would need further investigation.
Hope this is of use!